⑴ 民间故事素材在哪里找
中国民间故事当然是到农村去找,故事出在民间,各地方有个地方的风土人情,人与人之间避免发生一些人情事故,时间久了,也就变成故事了。
比如说,在某个村庄住着这样一户人家,家里爷几个都靠杀猪卖肉养家,刚开始都是小打小闹,可是一点一点干好了,挣了大钱。
主要特征
1.时代久远,往往伴随着人类的成长历程而经久不衰。
2.口头传播,民间故事大都以口头形式传播。
3.情节夸张、充满幻想,大都表现了人们的良好愿望。
4.多采用象征形式,内容往往包含着超自然的、异想天开的成分。民间故事就像所有优秀的作品一样从生活本身出发,但又并不局限于实际情况以及人们认为真实的和合理范围之内。
⑵ 写小说的人是怎么找故事素材的
1,确定好你想写的东西的背景【比如现代,古言。然后在这两大类的基础上加入一些元素,校园,玄幻……】2,开始构想这个背景的人物和大概故事【一般几句话概括的东西,比如:孤儿女主遇上渣渣三个男主,被他们虐完后,自杀,男主发现他们喜欢她也跟着死了 = = 这样的东西】3,开始看这些类型的书【会有大概方向】,比如现代校园的草根元气女主就可以去看一些搞笑的笑话和一些比较适合装文艺青年的书来看,推荐海子的诗,很有感觉的说!古言穿越什么的就去看一些历史的东西,如果是架空【自己yy的时代】就可以专门找一些奇门遁甲,女子衣饰,还有一些着名战役类型的书来研究【不要全部照搬!!加一点自己的想法!!!】不是架空的,比如什么回到大唐大清什么的当然专门找那段时期的历史来看了~
最后,以上都是临时抱佛脚【= = 比如刚刚开始尝试写小说用的】,大部分还是要靠自己收集,一般好的作者,她的硬盘里总会有很多资料。
⑶ 有谁知道哪里找得到带图片的英语故事
127个英语故事,鞥
网址:
http://www.rr365.com/free/fairytales/A%20Cheerful%20Temper.txt
http://www.rr365.com/free/fairytales/A%20Great%20Grief.txt
http://www.rr365.com/free/fairytales/A%20Leaf%20from%20Heaven.txt
http://www.rr365.com/free/fairytales/A%20Rose%20from%20Homer's%20Grave.txt
http://www.rr365.com/free/fairytales/A%20Story%20from%20the%20Sand-Hills.txt
http://www.rr365.com/free/fairytales/A%20Story.txt
http://www.rr365.com/free/fairytales/Anne%20Lisbeth.txt
http://www.rr365.com/free/fairytales/Beauty%20of%20Form%20and%20Beauty%20of%20Mind.txt
http://www.rr365.com/free/fairytales/By%20the%20Almshouse%20Window.txt
http://www.rr365.com/free/fairytales/Children's%20Prattle.txt
http://www.rr365.com/free/fairytales/Delaying%20is%20not%20Forgetting.txt
好麻烦的,你自己找吧:
http://www.rr365.com/Article/reading/200604/5990.html
还又很多的哦:
英语小故事_学习热线
http://www.dbpower.cn/forum_view.asp?forum_id=2826&view_id=1234
英语小故事网
http://www.hebsme.gov.cn/manage/wen/viewtemp.asp?id=4287
英语小故事290,有图,有点意思的:)~
http://flash.cdream.net/flash/050112/12388.htm
英语小故事(英语教学资料-初一英语)
http://www.xe.net/down_view_9791.html
英语小作文网:)~里面有分类的,可以参考
http://blog.diandian.net/blog/member/1095/archives/2005/2005112584557.shtml#5009
下面几个英语网,有各个方面的,你可以根据自己的情况,参考下格写作式和内容:)~~
这里也有不少英语的优秀短文::)~~
http://www.hzsdyfz.com.cn/gao2/English/lanmu.php?size=comp
英语写作网,很全的,:)~~
http://www.blog.e.cn/user1/12601/subject/
可以学习下:)~~
http://www.hzsdyfz.com.cn/gao2/English/lanmu.php?size=comp
英语书写范文:)~
http://www.lunwen.org.cn/Html/wx08/
还有现成的:
英语小故事Who Deserves Help? 可以参考:)~
Many years ago, there lived a very rich man who wanted to do something for the people of his town. But first he wanted to find out whether they deserved his help. So he placed a very large stone in the center of the main road into town. Then he hid behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow.
"Who put this stone in the center of the road?" said the old man, but he did not try to remove the stone. Instead, with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way. Another man came along and did the same thing; then another came, and another. All of them complained about the stone in the center of the road, but not one of them tried to remove it. Late in the afternoon, a young man came along. He saw the stone and said, "The night will be very dark. Some neighbor will come along later in the dark and will fall against the stone. "
The young man then began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his strength to move it to one side. But imagine his surprise when under the stone he found a bag full of money and this message: "This money is for the thoughtful person who removes this stone from the road. That person deserves help."
其实你也可以用flash的:
剑桥英语不错的:http://www.xintang.cn/
也可以直接找网址:http://www.xintang.cn/xintang/xuexizhongxin/donghua.htm
http://www.xintang.cn/xintang/xuexizhongxin/yingwengequ.htm
http://www.xintang.cn/xintang/xuexizhongxin/donghuaguoshi.htm
http://www.xintang.cn/xintang/xuexizhongxin/dianzitushu.htm
http://www.xintang.cn/xintang/xuexizhongxin/ihuaanyu.htm
http://www.xintang.cn/xintang/xuexizhongxin/ihuaanyu.htm
或者这个
翅 膀
一天,我工作的炸鸡店在关门前出现了一阵抢购狂潮,结果除了鸡翅外所有的东西都卖完了。当我正准备锁门时,一名喝醉了的旅客进来要进餐。我问他翅膀行不行,他从柜台上靠过身子来,回答道:“女士,我到这儿来是吃东西的,不是要飞!”
Wings
The fried-chicken restaurant where I was working had a big rush just before closing one day, leaving us with nothing to sell but wings. As I was about to lock the doors, aa quietly intoxicated customer came in and ordered dinner. When I asked if wings would be all right, he leaned over the counter and replied, "Lady, I came in here to eat, not fly."
真的是太多了:
这是保存在我的电脑里的哦
A Brother Like That
A friend of mine named Paul received an automobile from his brother as a Christmas present. On Christmas Eve when Paul came out of his office, a street urchin was walking around the shiny new car, admiring it.
"Is this your car, Mister?" he said.
Paul nodded. "My brother gave it to me for Christmas." The boy was astounded. "You mean your brother gave it to you and it didn’t cost you nothing? Boy, I wish . . ." He hesitated.
Of course Paul knew what he was going to wish for. He was going to wish he had a brother like that. But what the lad said jarred Paul all the way down to his heels.
"I wish," the boy went on, "That I could be a brother
like that."
Paul looked at the boy in astonishment, then impulsively he added, "Would you like to take a ride in my car?"
"Oh yes, Id love that."
After a short ride, the boy turned with his eyes aglow, said, "Mister, would you mind driving in front of my house?"
Paul smiled a little. He thought he knew what the lad wanted. He wanted to show his neighbors that he could ride home in a big automobile. But Paul was wrong again. "Will you stop where those two steps are?" the boy asked.
He ran up the steps. Then in a little while Paul heard him coming back, but he was not coming fast. He was carrying his little crippled brother. He sat him down on the bottom step, then sort of squeezed up against him and pointed to the car.
"There she is, Buddy, just like I told you upstairs. His brother gave it to him for Christmas and it didn’t cost him a cent. And some day Im gonna give you one just like it . . . then you can see for yourself all the pretty things in the Christmas windows that Ive been trying to tell you about."
Paul got out and lifted the lad to the front seat of his car. The shining-eyed older brother climbed in beside him and the three of them began a memorable holiday ride. That Christmas Eve, Paul learned what Jesus meant when he said: "It is more blessed to give . . . "
内容:
哥哥的心愿
圣诞节时,保罗的哥哥送他一辆新车。圣诞节当天,保罗离开办公室时,一个男孩绕着那辆闪闪发亮的新车,十分赞叹地问:
"先生,这是你的车?"
保罗点点头:"这是我哥哥送给我的圣诞节礼物。"男孩满脸惊讶,支支吾吾地说:"你是说这是你哥送的礼物,没花你一分钱?天哪,我真希望也能……"
保罗当然知道男孩他真想希望什么。他希望能有一个象那样的哥哥。但是小男孩接下来说的话却完全出乎了保罗的意料。
"我希望自己能成为送车给弟弟的哥哥。"男孩继续说。
保罗惊愕地看着那男孩,冲口而出地说:"你要不要坐我的车去兜风?"
"哦,当然好了,我太想坐了!"
车开了一小段路后,那孩子转过头来,眼睛闪闪发亮,对我说:"先生,你能不能把车子开到我家门前?"
保罗微笑,他知道孩子想干什么。那男孩必定是要向邻居炫耀,让大家知道他坐了一部大轿车回家。但是这次保罗又猜错了。"你能不能把车子停在那两个台阶前?"男孩要求道。
男孩跑上了阶梯,过了一会儿保罗听到他回来了,但动作似乎有些缓慢。原来把他跛脚的弟弟带出来了,将他安置在第一个台阶上,紧紧地抱着他,指着那辆新车。
只听那男孩告诉弟弟:"你看,这就是我刚才在楼上对你说的那辆新车。这是保罗他哥哥送给他的哦!将来我也会送给你一辆像这样的车,到那时候你就能自己去看那些在圣诞节时,挂窗口上的漂亮饰品了,就象我告诉过你的那样。"
保罗走下车子,把跛脚男孩抱到车子的前座。兴奋得满眼放光的哥哥也爬上车子,坐在弟弟的身旁。就这样他们三人开始一次令人难忘的假日兜风。
那个圣诞夜,保罗才真正体会主耶稣所说的"施比受更有福"的道理。
A man came home form work late, tired and found his 5 years old son waiting for him at the door. "Daddy, may I ask you a question?" "Yeah, sure, what is it?" replied the man. "Daddy, how much do you make an hour?" "If you must know, I make $20 an hour."" Oh," The little boy replied, with his head down, looking up, he said, "Daddy, may I please borrow $10" the father was furious, "If the only reason you asked that is so you can borrow some money to buy a silly toy, then you go to bed." The little boy quietly went to his room and shut the door. After about an hour or so, the man had calmed down. And started to think. Maybe there was something he really needed to buy with that $10 and he really didn't ask for money very often. The man went to the door of the little boy's room and opened the door.” Are you asleep, son?" he asked. "no daddy," replied the boy. "I've been thinking, maybe I was too hard on you earlier." said the man, "Here's the $10 you asked for." the little boy sat straight up, smiling. "Oh, thank you daddy!" he yelled. Then, reaching under his pillow he pulled out some crumpled up bills. The man seeing that the boy already had money, started to get angry again. The little boy slowly counted out his money, then looked up at his father. "Why do you want more money? Is you already have some?" the father asked. "Because I didn't have enough, but now I do.”The little boy repiied, "Daddy , I have $20 now. Can I buy an hour of your time? Please come home early tomorrow. I would like to have dinner with you."
Little Red Riding Hood
Once upon a time there was a dear little girl who was loved by everyone who looked at her, but most of all by her grandmother, and there was nothing that she would not have given to the child. Once she gave her a little riding hood of red velvet, which suited her so well that she would never wear anything else; so she was always called 'Little Red Riding Hood.'
One day her mother said to her: 'Come, Little Red Riding Hood, here is a piece of cake and a bottle of wine; take them to your grandmother, she is ill and weak, and they will do her good. Set out before it gets hot, and when you are going, walk nicely and quietly and do not run off the path, or you may fall and break the bottle, and then your grandmother will get nothing; and when you go into her room, don't forget to say, "Good morning", and don't peep into every corner before you do it.'
'I will take great care,' said Little Red Riding Hood to her mother, and gave her hand on it.
The grandmother lived out in the wood, half a league from the village, and just as Little Red Riding Hood entered the wood, a wolf met her. Red Riding Hood did not know what a wicked creature he was, and was not at all afraid of him.
'Good day, Little Red Riding Hood,' said he.
'Thank you kindly, wolf.'
'Whither away so early, Little Red Riding Hood?'
'To my grandmother's.'
'What have you got in your apron?'
'Cake and wine; yesterday was baking-day, so poor sick grandmother is to have something good, to make her stronger.'
'Where does your grandmother live, Little Red Riding Hood?'
'A good quarter of a league farther on in the wood; her house stands under the three large oak-trees, the nut-trees are just below; you surely must know it,' replied Little Red Riding Hood.
The wolf thought to himself: 'What a tender young creature! what a nice plump mouthful - she will be better to eat than the old woman. I must act craftily, so as to catch both.'
So he walked for a short time by the side of Little Red Riding Hood, and then he said: 'See, Little Red Riding Hood, how pretty the flowers are about here - why do you not look round? I believe, too, that you do not hear how sweetly the little birds are singing; you walk gravely along as if you were going to school, while everything else out here in the wood is merry.'
< 2 >
Little Red Riding Hood raised her eyes, and when she saw the sunbeams dancing here and there through the trees, and pretty flowers growing everywhere, she thought: 'Suppose I take grandmother a fresh nosegay; that would please her too. It is so early in the day that I shall still get there in good time.'
So she ran from the path into the wood to look for flowers. And whenever she had picked one, she fancied that she saw a still prettier one farther on, and ran after it, and so got deeper and deeper into the wood.
Meanwhile the wolf ran straight to the grandmother's house and knocked at the door.
'Who is there?'
'Little Red Riding Hood,' replied the wolf. 'She is bringing cake and wine; open the door.'
'Lift the latch,' called out the grandmother, 'I am too weak, and cannot get up.'
The wolf lifted the latch, the door sprang open, and without saying a word he went straight to the grandmother's bed, and devoured her. Then he put on her clothes, dressed himself in her cap, laid himself in bed and drew the curtains.
Little Red Riding Hood, however, had been running about picking flowers, and when she had gathered so many that she could carry no more, she remembered her grandmother, and set out on the way to her.
She was surprised to find the cottage-door standing open, and when she went into the room, she had such a strange feeling that she said to herself: 'Oh dear! how uneasy I feel today, and at other times I like being with grandmother so much.' She called out: 'Good morning,' but received no answer; so she went to the bed and drew back the curtains. There lay her grandmother with her cap pulled far over her face, and looking very strange.
'Oh! grandmother,' she said, 'what big ears you have!'
'All the better to hear you with, my child,' was the reply.
'But, grandmother, what big eyes you have!' she said.
'All the better to see you with, my dear.'
'But, grandmother, what large hands you have!'
'All the better to hug you with.'
'Oh! but, grandmother, what a terrible big mouth you have!'
'All the better to eat you with!'
And scarcely had the wolf said this, than with one bound he was out of bed and swallowed up Red Riding Hood.
< 3 >
When the wolf had appeased his appetite, he lay down again in the bed, fell asleep and began to snore very loud.
The huntsman was just passing the house, and thought to himself: 'How the old woman is snoring! I must just see if she wants anything.' So he went into the room, and when he came to the bed, he saw that the wolf was lying in it.
'Do I find you here, you old sinner!' said he. 'I have long sought you!' But just as he was going to fire at him, it occurred to him that the wolf might have devoured the grandmother, and that she might still be saved, so he did not fire, but took a pair of scissors, and began to cut open the stomach of the sleeping wolf.
When he had made two snips, he saw the little red riding hood shining, and then he made two snips more, and the little girl sprang out, crying: 'Ah, how frightened I have been! How dark it was inside the wolf.'
After that the aged grandmother came out alive also, but scarcely able to breathe. Red Riding Hood, however, quickly fetched great stones with which they filled the wolf's belly, and when he awoke, he wanted to run away, but the stones were so heavy that he collapsed at once, and fell dead.
Then all three were delighted. The huntsman drew off the wolf's skin and went home with it; the grandmother ate the cake and drank the wine which Red Riding Hood had brought, and revived. But Red Riding Hood thought to herself: 'As long as I live, I will never leave the path by myself to run into the wood, when my mother has forbidden me to do so.'
It is also related that once, when Red Riding Hood was again taking cakes to the old grandmother, another wolf spoke to her, and tried to entice her from the path. Red Riding Hood, however, was on her guard, and went straight forward on her way, and told her grandmother that she had met the wolf, and that he had said 'good morning' to her, but with such a wicked look in his eyes, that if they had not been on the public road she was certain he would have eaten her up.
< 4 >
'Well,' said the grandmother, 'we will shut the door, so that he can not come in.'
Soon afterwards the wolf knocked, and cried: 'Open the door, grandmother, I am Little Red Riding Hood, and am bringing you some cakes.'
But they did not speak, or open the door, so the grey-beard stole twice or thrice round the house, and at last jumped on the roof, intending to wait until Red Riding Hood went home in the evening, and then to steal after her and devour her in the darkness. But the grandmother saw what was in his thoughts.
In front of the house was a great stone trough, so she said to the child: 'Take the pail, Red Riding Hood; I made some sausages yesterday, so carry the water in which I boiled them to the trough.'
Red Riding Hood carried until the great trough was quite full. Then the smell of the sausages reached the wolf, and he sniffed and peeped down, and at last stretched out his neck so far that he could no longer keep his footing and began to slip, and slipped down from the roof straight into the great trough, and was drowned. But Red Riding Hood went joyously home, and no one ever did anything to harm her again.
One Friday morning, a teacher came up with a novel way to motivate her class. She told them that she would read a quote and the first student to correctly identify who said it would receive the rest of the day off.
She started with "This was England's finest hour."
Little Suzy instantly jumped up and said, "Winston Churchill."
"Congratulations!" Said the teacher, "You may go home."
The teacher then said, "Ask not what your country can do for you."
Before she could finish this quote, another young lady belts out, "John F.Kennedy".
"Very good," says the teacher, "you may go."
Irritated that he has missed two golden opportunities, Little Johnny said,"I wish those girls would just shut up."
Upon overhearing this comment, the outraged teacher demanded to know who said it.
Johnny instantly rose to his feet and said,"Bill Clinton. I'll see you Monday."
最后送你一网址:http://www.soenglish.com.cn/list.php?cid=0140
啊,对了,如果你要有声的英语的话,我知道的。
你可以在这个网站里找——千源网
http://www.so138.com/
不过,他唯一的缺点是——必须下载的。
At last , good lucky to you.
⑷ 给几个外国的名人的素材,事迹.写作文
杜甫(公元712--770)字子美,唐代诗人,汉族,河南巩县(今郑州巩义)人(原籍襄阳),世称杜工部、杜拾遗,自号少陵野老,是我国盛唐时期伟大的现实主义诗人,为国为民,人称:诗圣,世界文化名人,与李白并称“大李杜”(“小李杜”是指李商隐和杜牧)。杜甫祖籍襄阳(今湖北襄樊市),远祖为晋代功名显赫的杜预,乃祖为初唐诗人杜审言,杜甫曾任左拾遗、检校工部员外郎,因此后世称其杜拾遗、杜工部。杜甫生活在唐朝由盛转衰的历史时期,其诗多涉笔社会动荡、政治黑暗、人民疾苦,他的诗被誉为“诗史”。杜甫忧国忧民,人格高尚,诗艺精湛,被后世尊称为“诗圣”。杜甫一生写诗一千四百多首,其中很多是传颂千古的名篇,比如“三吏”和“三别”,并有《杜工部集》传世;其中“三吏”为《石壕吏》《新安吏》和《潼关吏》,“三别”为《新婚别》《无家别》和《垂老别》。杜甫的诗篇流传数量是唐诗里最多最广泛的,是唐代最杰出的诗人,对后世影响深远。
对后世的影响
杜甫善于运用古典诗歌的许多体制,并加以创造性地发展。他是新乐府诗体的开路人。他的乐府诗,促成了中唐时期新乐府运动的发展。他的五七古长篇,亦诗亦史,展开铺叙,而又着力于全篇的回旋往复,标志着我国诗歌艺术的高度成就。杜甫在五七律上也表现出显着的创造性,积累了关于声律、对仗、炼字炼句等完整的艺术经验,使这一体裁达到完全成熟的阶段。
[编辑本段]杜甫思想
杜甫的思想核心是儒家的仁政思想。他有“致君尧舜上,再使风俗淳”的宏伟抱负。他热爱生活,热爱人民,热爱祖国的大好河山。他嫉恶如仇,对朝廷的腐败、社会生活中的黑暗现象都给予揭露和批评。他同情人民,甚至幻想着为解救人民的苦难甘愿做自我牺牲。所以他的诗歌创作,始终贯穿着忧国忧民这条主线,以最普通的老百姓为主角,由此可见杜甫的伟大。他的诗具有丰富的社会内容、强烈的时代色彩和鲜明的政治倾向,真实深刻地反映了安史之乱前后一个历史时代政治时事和广阔的社会生活画面,因而被称为一代“诗史”。杜诗风格,基本上是“沉郁顿挫”,语言和篇章结构又富于变化,讲求炼字炼句。同时,其诗兼备众体,除五古、七古、五律、七律外,还写了不少排律,拗体。艺术手法也多种多样,是唐诗思想艺术的集大成者。杜甫还继承了汉魏乐府“感于哀乐,缘事而发”的精神,摆脱乐府古题的束缚,创作了不少“即事名篇,无复依傍”的新题乐府,如着名的“三吏”、“三别”等。死后受到樊晃、韩愈、元稹、白居易等人的大力揄扬。杜诗对元白的“新乐府运动”的文艺思想及李商隐的近体讽喻时事诗影响甚深。但杜诗受到广泛重视,是在宋以后。王禹偁、王安石、苏轼、黄庭坚、陆游等人对杜甫推崇备至,文天祥则更以杜诗为坚守民族气节的精神力量。杜诗的影响,从古到今,早已超出文艺的范围。生平详见《旧唐书》卷一九〇。
杜甫虽然是个现实主义诗人,但是他也有狂放不羁的一面,从其名作《饮中八仙歌》就不难看出杜甫的豪气干云。
[编辑本段]三吏三别
“三吏”、“三别”分别为《新安吏》《石壕吏》《潼关吏》《新婚别》《垂老别》《无家别》,是杜甫现实主义诗歌的杰作。它真实地描写了特定环境下的县吏、关吏、老妇、老翁、新娘、征夫等人的思想、感情、行动、语言,生动地反映了那个时期的社会现实和广大劳动人民深重的灾难和痛苦,展示给人们一幕幕凄惨的人生悲剧。在这些人生苦难的描述中,一方面,诗人对饱受苦难的人民寄予深深的同情,对官吏给于人民的奴役和迫害深恶痛绝;另一方面,他又拥护王朝的平乱战争,希望人民忍受苦难,与王朝合作平定叛乱。这种复杂、矛盾的思想是符合诗人忧国忧民的思想面貌的。
成都西郊浣花溪畔的杜甫草堂,是杜甫到成都后的住所。
唐大历四年(769年),杜甫由湖北入湘,登岳阳楼,游洞庭湖,溯湘江而上,至耒阳,次年四月病故。据《旧唐书.杜甫传》记载, 杜甫在耒阳游岳庙,“大水遽至,涉旬不得食,县令馈送牛肉白酒,甫饮过多,一夕而卒”,葬于杜甫墓。
1、杜甫是个老乞丐
古今中外,文人当乞丐并不鲜见。
杜甫起初在长安的几年,由于得不到任用,后来加之父亲去世,失去了固定的经济来源,导致生活陷于困顿,他有个族孙杜济住在长安城南郊,为了叨扰一顿饭吃,他每每前去走动,但这位族孙生活也不宽绰,见长辈来了,心里老大的不乐,嘴上不好说什么,却在行动上表现出来:打井水淘米,使劲摆动水桶,把水搅得挺浑;到园中砍菜,放手乱砍一气。杜甫对此感慨万分,作《示从孙济》“平明跨驴出,未知适谁门。权门多噂杳,且复寻诸孙。小人利口实,薄俗难具论。所来为宗族,亦不为盘飧。勿受外嫌猜,同姓古所敦”便是遭遇“宗族”冷落后凄凉心境的表露。 当然也不乏好友相助。有一次杜甫闹疟疾,被折腾得面黄肌瘦,头白眼花,差点要了命。大病初愈,他拄着拐杖出门散心,不知不觉来到王倚家门口。王倚见杜甫这般模样,十分同情,买肉买酒,热情地招待了他。杜甫作诗《病后过王倚饮赠歌》表示感激:“但使残年饱饭,只愿无事长相见。”
其实从那时起,杜甫就有意无意地过起了到处乞讨的日子。其诗《投简咸华两县诸子》“饥卧动即向一旬,敝衣何啻联百结”便是他这段长安生活的真实写照。《云仙杂记·夜飞蝉》引《放怀集》:“杜甫每朋友至,引见妻子。韦侍御见而退,使其妇送夜飞蝉,以助妆饰。”丈夫穷困,老婆自然也是一幅寒酸相,杜甫自己还不觉得,倒是客人实在看不过眼,叫夫人送了一个头上装饰品过来。
后来杜甫被迫离开长安,流落到了到成都,一家人先是借住在浣花溪畔的一座古寺里,家里都揭不开锅了。杜甫自己有所记载:“入门依旧四壁空,老妻睹我颜色同,痴儿不知父子礼,叫怒索饭啼门东。”小儿饿得实在是扛不住了,也就顾不得父子之礼,冲着父亲一阵怒吼,叫他赶快到邻居那里去讨口饭回来吃。没有办法,当过几天小官的杜甫实在拉不下面子,只好硬着头皮,拉下面子,给老乡、彭州刺史高适发出求援信:“百年已过半,秋至转饥寒。为问彭州牧,何时救急难?”高适从百里之外背米来接济他,邻里又送他些小菜,使他免却了无米之炊的困苦。杜甫有诗为证:“古寺僧牢落,空房客寓居。故人供禄米,邻舍与园蔬。”
镇蜀的剑南节度使严武慕杜甫之名,举荐其为检校工部员外郎,杜工部就是这样来的。朋友尹裴冕还为他在浣花溪上游选择了一块风景不错的地方修建了一座茅屋,就是我们现在看到的杜甫草堂。 公元765年,严武病故后一个月,杜甫携妻儿乘船东下,离开了成都。六年后,据《旧唐书·文苑本传》:“乃溯沿湘流,游衡山,寓居耒阳。甫尝游岳庙,为暴水所阻,旬日不得食。耒阳令知之,自棹舟迎甫而还。永泰二年,啖牛肉白酒,一夕而卒于耒阳,时年五十有九。”大致情况是,离开四川后的杜甫客居湖南,由于被突然的洪水所围困,连续饿了九天。当地县令用小船将杜甫救了回来,以牛肉白酒招待他,难得饕餮一回的杜甫当晚就因为醉饱过度而辞世了。
杜甫过着近似于乞丐生活的原因,主要有三:
一是时运不济。那今天的俗话说,就是有些背时。杜甫年轻时,不大求上进,《唐才子传》说他“少贫不自振,客吴越、齐赵间”。公元747年,风流天子唐玄宗诏令天下才子到京师就选,颇有些诗名的三十五岁的杜甫才兴冲冲地前往应试。然而,天不遂愿,据说是奸相李林甫害怕贤才入选不利他把持朝政,于是从中作梗,搅了局,致使无一人及第,反而上表祝贺皇帝,说是“野无遗贤”。而就在此时,杜甫曾任兖州司马和奉天县令的父亲杜闲去世,断绝了生活的来源,迫于生计,他不得不沿街卖药,或寄食于朋友处。这段贫困的羁旅,被他自己写进了一首题为《奉赠韦左丞丈二十二韵》的诗中:“朝扣富儿门,暮随肥马尘;残杯与冷炙,到处潜悲辛。”这也是杜甫当乞丐的开始。尽管长安的日子苦是苦了些,但他依然舍不得放弃对荣华富贵的追求,不断向权贵投诗,以期引起他们的重视和任用。公元751年,他向玄宗进献《三大礼赋》,受到赞许,却命其待制集贤院,结果一等就是整整四年,最终还是没了下文。好不容易当了个右卫率府兵曹参军,杜甫以为自己从此就要飞黄腾达了,不料仅仅一月之后,安禄山造反,打乱了他的计划。保命要紧,大家一窝蜂地逃出了长安。公元757年,郭子仪率兵收复了京师,杜甫随唐肃宗及其百官回到了长安。这一阶段,他总算过了几天安稳日子。可他不知明哲保身,偏偏要替在平乱期间老打败仗的宰相房绾说好话(因为房绾在平日里对他很关照),遂得罪了唐肃宗。公元758年5月,杜甫被降为华州司功参军,负责祭祀之类的小事,以后就再也没爬上去过。
二是性格“褊躁傲诞”。这不是我说的,而是参与编纂《新唐书》的宋祁说的。宋祁认为杜甫的性格遗传自其爷爷杜审言,即“褊躁傲诞”。《唐才子传 ·杜审言》也说他“恃高才,傲世见疾”。杜审言是进士,也是诗人,还是武则天的面首张易之兄弟的座上宾。《新唐书·杜审言传》杜审言大言不惭地说过:“吾文章当得屈、宋作衙官,吾笔当得王羲之北面。”杜甫比他爷爷来毫不逊色,宋王谠《唐语林》卷二有所记载,杜甫曾自夸:“使昭明再生,吾当出刘,曹,二谢上。”爷爷狂,人家还不得不买帐,杜甫狂,却狂得不是时候。《新唐书·文艺上》载述:“会严武节度剑南东、西川,(甫)往依焉。武再帅剑南,表为参谋,检校工部员外郎。武以世旧,待甫甚善,亲至其家。甫见之,或时不巾,而性褊躁傲诞,尝醉登武床,瞪视曰:‘严挺之乃有此儿!’”由此可见杜甫对严武是却不大领情的。见到严武,他不戴头巾,也不打招呼。有一次喝多了,发起了酒疯,他居然站到严武的宝座上,瞪着眼睛怪模怪样地说:“严挺之竟有这样一个儿子啊!” 人家严武是何许人也,堂堂封疆大吏,凶暴勇武,自然会心生怨恨。《新唐书·文艺上》载述:“一日欲杀甫及梓州刺史章彝,集吏于门。武将出,冠钩于帘三,左右白其母,奔救得止,独杀彝。”说来也怪,要不是严武出门准备去杀杜甫的时候冠被帘钩了三次,才有人趁机告诉了他的母亲救杜甫,杜甫十条命只怕也丢了。章彝就没那么好运。由此可以看出,尽管严武对自己有所帮助,但杜甫从骨子里是看不起他的,有时会自觉不自觉地表露出来。后来严武虽没杀他,但对他的接济自然也就少了,最终严武一死,杜甫也待不下去了。
三是自视清高,高不成低不就。《新唐诗》本传说杜甫:“放旷不自检,好论天下大事,高而不切。”仕途上,杜甫也不是没有机会,而是他自己耽误了。公元755年,四十四岁的杜甫忽然收到朝廷的一份委任状,要他去当河西县尉,主要任务是征收赋税,追捕盗贼,而且河西荒凉偏僻,杜甫觉得太苦,不肯上任。后来也不知道是谁帮了他的忙,进行了通融,朝廷转而让他当了右卫率府兵曹参军。虽然也是个芝麻官,但处于长安附近,容易交往,晋升的机会显然要多一些,于是他就接受了,总算走上了仕途。因房绾事件而降官后,本来嫌官小的他干脆不干了,拍屁股走人。当年的许多文人日子过不下去了,都可以开馆授徒靠束修度日,杜甫不干,一心只想当官,却总不能如愿。
北宋欧阳修《梅圣俞诗集序》云:“然则非诗之能穷人,殆穷者而后工也。”清钱谦益《〈冯定远诗〉序》亦云:“诗穷而后工。诗之必穷,而穷之必工,其理然也。”“穷而后工”成语字典中对它的解释是:旧时以为文人越是穷困不得志,诗文就写得越好。正因为有过乞丐一般的生活,杜甫才能够写出不少关心劳动人民疾苦的诗来,最终被人称为诗圣,客观地看文人当乞丐真的不是一件坏事。
2、杜甫的诗
杜甫一生写下了一千多首诗,其中着名的有《三吏》、《三别》、《兵车行》、《茅屋为秋风所破歌》、《丽人行》、《春望》等。杜甫诗充分表达了他对人民的深刻同情,揭露了封建社会剥削者与被剥削者之间的尖锐对立:“朱门酒肉臭,路有冻死骨!”这千古不朽的诗句,被世世代代的中国人所铭记。“济时敢爱死,寂寞壮心惊!”这是杜甫对祖国无比热爱的充分展示,这一点使他的诗具有很高的人民性。杜甫的这种爱国热枕,在《春望》和《闻官军收河南河北》等名篇中,也表现得非常充沛。而在《三吏》、《三别》中,对广大人民忍受一切痛苦的爱国精神的歌颂,更把他那颗爱国爱民的赤子之心展现在读者面前。出自对祖国和人民的热爱,对统治阶级奢侈荒淫的面目和祸国殃民的罪行,必然怀有强烈的憎恨。这一点在不朽的名篇《兵车行》、《丽人行》中更是得到了淋漓尽致的表现。一个伟大爱国者的忧国忧民之情,必然在其它方面也有所表现。杜甫的一些咏物、写景的诗,甚至那些有关夫妻、兄弟、朋友的抒情诗中,也无不渗透着对祖国、对人民的深厚感情。总之,杜甫的诗是唐帝国由盛转衰的艺术记录。杜甫以积极的入世精神,勇敢、忠实、深刻地反映了极为广泛的社会现实,无论在怎样一种险恶的形势下,他都没有失去信心,在我国悠久的文学史上,杜甫诗歌的认识作用、借鉴作用、教育作用和审美作用都是难以企及的。 杜诗最大的艺术特色是,诗人常将自己的主观感受隐藏在客观的描写中,让事物自身去打动读者。例如《丽人行》中,诗人并没有直接去斥责杨氏兄妹的荒淫,然而从对他们服饰、饮食等方面的具体描述中,作者的爱憎态度已显露无遗。
杜诗语言平易朴素、通俗、写实,但却极见功力。他还常用人物独白和俗语来突出人物性格的个性化。
在刻画人物时,特别善于抓住细节的描写,如《北征》中关于妻子儿女的一段文字就是非常突出的例子。杜甫诗风多变,但总体来看,可以概括为沉郁顿挫。这里的沉郁是指文章的深沉蕴蓄,顿挫则是指感情的抑扬曲折,语气、音节的跌宕摇曳。 所有这一切,确立了杜甫在三千多年的中国文学史上至高无上的“诗圣”的地位。
⑸ 民间故事素材在哪里找
摘要 您好,这边已经看到您的问题了,这边正在快马加鞭的为您输入,不过打字和输入的话,都是需要一定的时间,希望您可以谅解,这边的话,一定会回复您的问题。同时的话,也会给您一个满意的答案,请您耐心等待哦!
⑹ 民间故事素材在哪里找
摘要 您好,我是小陈老师。这道题由我来回答,打字需要一点时间,还请您耐心等待一下,我将全力帮助您
⑺ 在哪里可以查找到纯外国人写的文献资料
你好,大的英文文献数据库有Science Direct, IngentaConnect, SpringerLink等等,你搜这些名字就可以找到他们的网站了。
如果有帮助的话还请采纳回答。
⑻ 哪里可以找到写作文的故事素材
嘿,大家好,我叫鲸,是世界上最大的动物。因为我们的体形非常像鱼,所以许多人管我们叫鲸。其实我们是哺乳动物,因为我们的生活条件随着环境的变化(由陆地到海洋)而发生了变化。我们为了适应海洋生活,前肢和尾巴逐渐变成了鳍,后肢完全退化了,整个身子成了鱼的样子。我们之所以是哺乳动物,是因为我们鲸用肺呼吸,是胎生的。我们刚出生时,是靠喝母亲的乳汁而长大的。
我们鲸主要分为两大类:一类是没有牙齿的须鲸,一类是有锋利牙齿的齿鲸。
我们鲸和牛羊一样,靠鼻子呼吸。可我们的鼻子不长在脸上,而长在脑袋上,这让很多人羡慕不已又模仿不了。你们要是把鼻子按在头顶上,一下雨,来不及捂住鼻子,不得脑淤血才怪!再说了,现在人类技术还不算发达,想要模仿我们鲸,我奉劝你回家多研究几年再说吧!
我们呼吸的时候,喷出的水形成水柱像花园里的喷泉。你可不要瞧不起这水柱,有经验的渔民可以根据这水柱的形状判断鲸的种类和大小。须鲸的水柱是垂直的,又细又高,像一个巨型喷泉;齿鲸的水柱是倾斜的,又矮又粗。
⑼ 抖音手绘视频里的故事素材都是从哪找的
故事的话,大多都是通过其他视频而来!大家相互使用!像米鱼素材网,有大量短视频下载,就可以从里面下载故事性的短视频,制作手绘的时候,用里面的故事
⑽ 寻找一些外国人头像素材
矢量图世界 你网络一下 ~很不错的素材网站,个人感觉图片很好用,很特别,都是海外的作品,希望对你有帮助呢~~加油啊,有时候找到好的素材还是很关键的呢~